Application of activated carbon in industrial wastewater treatment

With the progress of science and technology and the special requirements of wastewater treatment, the research of activated carbon has gradually developed from its pore structure and specific surface area to the study of the influence of surface functional groups on the adsorption performance of activated carbon. For example, in recent years, activated carbon fiber (ACF) has attracted the attention of scientific researchers in wastewater treatment. Its diameter is generally 5-20 μ m, and its preparation principle is the same as that of traditional activated carbon preparation, that is, activated treatment of fibrous carbon with water vapor or carbon dioxide above 800 ℃. Compared with granular activated carbon, activated carbon fiber is a new type of carbon adsorption material, which is developed by the combination of carbon fiber technology and activated carbon technology. It can also be made into yarn, thread, cloth and felt with the appearance and characteristics of fiber, which brings great convenience to the simplification of process equipment and engineering use. Therefore, activated carbon fiber is widely used in air purification and wastewater treatment, making chemical gas suits and gas masks, absorbing radioactive substances and microorganisms, recovering trace precious metals and other forest fields. The pore structure of fibrous activated carbon is mainly microporous, with few mesopores and almost no macropores, and its specific surface area can reach 2500m2 / g. it has the characteristics of high adsorption and desorption rate, large adsorption capacity and high conductivity.

In this paper, 50% p-chlorophenol wastewater was treated by activated carbon adsorption. Under acid condition, 0.75g of activated carbon was added to the wastewater, and the reaction was carried out at constant temperature for 1H. The removal rate of chlorophenol reached 90%. However, the adsorption capacity of ACF for phenol is 248mg / g, which is almost the same after multiple regeneration after adsorption saturation, and the adsorption performance is better than that of activated carbon. At room temperature, under acid or neutral conditions, adding 0.5g of activated carbon fiber to 100ml of 282mg / L phenol containing simulated wastewater, shaking for 30min at constant temperature, the phenol removal rate can reach 92%. The experimental results show that it is simple and feasible to treat some industrial wastewater with activated carbon or activated carbon fiber, with low cost and ideal treatment effect.